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The Evolution Site The theory of natural selection as the underlying principle of evolution is the defining factor in the current biology. It ties together disciplines as diverse as genetics, microbiology and the study of palaeontology. The study of evolution may be controversial, and the misinformation that is generated can lead to confusion over its fundamentals. This site clarifies the most fundamental concepts. What is Evolution? Modern evolutionary theory focuses on the gradual and cumulative changes that take place in populations over time. These changes are the result of natural selection, which increases the amount of organisms that have beneficial traits that help them survive and reproduce in a particular environment. The organisms that have these traits produce more offspring as a result of the beneficial characteristics. This causes the genetic changes that can eventually lead to the formation of new species. The term “evolution” is frequently associated with the idea of “survival of the fittest” which implies that those individuals who are best adapted to a specific set of environmental conditions will be more successful than those who aren't well-adapted. This is just one of many ways that evolution could occur. Another way that the term “evolution” is used to suggest that a species will eventually move from one state to the next state of being. This type of view of evolution is known as anagenetic or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution that scientists have developed is not in agreement with this view. The theory of evolution that is based on science change focuses instead on the changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result of mutations which result in natural selection and genetic variation. Charles Darwin was one of the scientists who backed this view. Others, including Alfred Russel Wallace, who developed the theory of macroevolution and believed that this was the only way that the higher forms of life could have evolved from the lower forms. In order for a concept to be referred to as a theory, it has to be capable of standing up to rigorous testing and evidence. Evolution has stood the test of time and has been backed by countless scientific disciplines from geology to biology from astronomy to chemistry. In actual fact evolution is considered to be one of the cornerstones of science today and is backed by the vast majority of scientists around the world. Many people are confused about the nature of the evolution theory, especially how it relates to religion. What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)? Evolution is the scientific explanation for the way living things change over time. It is based on a variety of well-established and observable facts such as the fact that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive; that individuals differ from one another in their physical characteristics (phenotype) and that distinct characteristics result in different rates of reproduction and survival and reproduction; and that these traits can be passed down to the next generation. These observations are backed up by an increasing body of evidence derived from molecular biology, palaeontology and climatology functional morphology geology. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently developed the theory of evolution based on selection in the mid-19th Century as an explanation why organisms adapt to their physical and biologic environments. It is today the most supported and most widely tested theory in all of science. Its theories have been proven out by the evidence that, for instance, more complex organisms are more likely to have less genetic mutations than simpler ones. The more successful an organism becomes in terms of survival and reproducing the more likely it will transfer its genes to the next generation. Some people are against evolution based on the belief that it implies that there is no reason to life. However, a lot of scientists who are also religious believers, such as the prominent Cambridge palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris, believe that evolution isn't just compatible with faith in God but also enhances it (BioLogos 2014). Many highly skilled evolutionary biologists have been involved in the development and testing the theory of evolution, which includes several revered evangelical Christian leaders. Many of these scientists contributed to the understanding of a broad range of phenomena, including genomics and phylogenetics, as well as the formation and function fossils. The term “theory” which is often used incorrectly, refers to a scientific hypothesis that has been tested and refined over time. Scientists test hypotheses through repeating the experiments or observations that led them to them. Therefore, the theory of evolution has been repeatedly borne out and so have the theories of Copernican, germ and atomic theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is the gradual change over time in the ratio of genetically distinct individuals within a certain species. This is the result of the natural selection of those who are more well-adapted to their environment. The more adapted individuals have better chances of reproduction and survival. As more people live and reproduce, their genes become more prevalent within the population. This is sometimes called “survival of the strongest.” According to the theory of evolution the mutations that cause genetic variation are the basic basis for evolutionary change. These mutations could occur at random or under the influence of the environment. When mutations are random, the frequency of the resultant alleles could vary from generation to generation. If a mutation is beneficial, it will increase the frequency of alleles and cause the allele to be spread across the population. Changes in the frequency of alleles can result in new species over time. The new species will then grow and evolve into new forms. 무료 에볼루션 is known as macroevolution. The creation of new species is typically a result of changes in the environment that make certain resources accessible or creates new environmental problems. The evolution of finches in Galapagos Islands, for example, is due to the availability of new food and the need to defend themselves against predators. In a wider sense it is possible to define evolution as any change in the character of living organisms over time. This change can be subtle, such as the development of a new color or dramatic, like the development of an organ. Scientists who accept the theory of evolution generally agree on the significance of genetic change in the process that causes evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution happens over a lengthy period of time, often millions of years. However, they differ on the importance of different factors that speed up or slow down this process, such as the influence of environmental pressures sexual selection and mutation bias. Despite these differences, most scientists believe that evolution has occurred and that the evidence for this is overwhelming. What evidence can be found for evolution? Throughout the years since Darwin's time, scientists have gathered evidence that supports Darwin's theory of evolution. This evidence is gathered from fossils that demonstrate the evolution of living organisms over time. 무료 에볼루션 between living organisms as well as embryology, biogeography, and genetics are evidence. The primary evidence of evolution is in the evolutionary tree, which shows how species are related. Another evidence source is homologous structures, which share a similar structure in different species, but perform distinct functions, such as the wings of birds and bats. Evolution is evident in that various species adapt and evolve to similar environments. For 무료 에볼루션 , arctic foxes and ptarmigans grow white fur coats that blend in with snow and ice. This is a type of convergent evolution, which suggests that the species had common ancestors. Another source of evidence is the existence of vestigial structures. These are unusable organs that could serve a purpose in the distant ancestors. The human appendix for instance is an odour from an organ that once used to digest food. Natural selection is a process that causes the structures to shrink when they are no longer used. Scientists have also collected evidence of evolution through observation and experimenting. The evidence for evolution can be divided into six categories: directly observed small-scale changes, biogeographic patterns and comparative anatomy, the fossil record, classification and genetics. Each of these provides convincing evidence that evolution of life has taken place. Many people have misconceptions regarding the theory of evolution. However, it is a fact. It isn't only a theory, it is a powerful collection of years of observation and accumulated data that has been tested and proven. Scientists continue to gather and analyze new data to better understand the history of Earth's existence, regardless of whether people believe in the theory of evolution or not. This information will help scientists to understand how to avoid future catastrophes on the planet and how to best utilize the resources of our planet. It will also allow us to better meet the needs of the people living on the planet.